法國中尉的女人一書中的哲思

摘要
享譽國際電影小說大法師及法國中尉的女人的作者，英國作家約翰傅敖斯已於今年病逝，享年79歲。本文除具紀念哲人之意，也在探討其代表作後設小說法國中尉的女人一書中的哲學思維。首先，此小說中的男女主角對生命意義的追求，致終歸於虛無與荒繆，實屬典型的存在主義。再則，小說中的語言呈現後設小說多面的語言哲學，諸如「上帝的遊戲」、「寫實主義」、「反諷」、「拼湊」、「仿擬」、「自我反射」等。凡此種種皆為本書文字藝術價值的精華所在。

關鍵詞：約翰傅敖斯、法國中尉的女人、存在主義、上帝的遊戲、寫實主義、反諷、拼湊、仿擬、自我反射。


Philosophical Thinking in The French Lieutenant’s Woman

Paul Tseng

ABSTRACT
John Fowles, author of The Magus and The French Lieutenant’s Woman, has died at the age of 79. His 1969 book, The French Lieutenant’s Woman, made him a best-selling author on both sides of the Atlantic. In memory of his great literary achievements, this paper is designed to explore the philosophical aspects of The French Lieutenant’s Woman, which is of paramount importance to Fowle’s literary career. First, we can see the existential vanity of the main characters’ worlds. It seems that their pursuit of the meaning of life leads to nothingness and absurdity in the social mechanism of the nineteenth-century Victorian age. Second, it is pointed out that the linguistic performance of the novel is excellent in such aspects as God’s game, parody, pastiche, realism, irony and self-reflexivity. Actually, existentialism and language philosophy create the novel’s supreme value in the literary career of John Fowles, a permanently memorable name in the history of postmodern literature.

Key Words: John Fowles, The French Lieutenant’s Woman, existentialism, God’s game, parody, pastiche, realism, irony, self-reflexivity

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